GPCR GPR120 protein

Formulation:	Provided as 100 uL ready-to-use, in SDS-PAGE sample buffer (Laemelli's buffer) containing Tris, pH 6.8, 1 % SDS, Glycerol and Bromophenolblue blue as tracking dye. The sample is reduced by adding 2% beta mercaptoethanol. The protein concentration is
Dilution Range:	WB: 1:500
Storage Instruction:	Store at-20°C for long term storage. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

Gene Symbol:	FFAR4
Gene ID:	338557
Uniprot ID:	FFAR4_HUMAN

Tissue Specificity	Isoform 2: The predominant isoform in human tissues. Expressed in adipose tissue, pancreatic islets, lung and brain. Expressed in alpha cells of pancreatic islets. Expressed in primary cilia of perivascular preadipocytes of white adipose tissue (at protein level). Abundant expression in the intestinal tract. Expressed in colonic intraepithelial neuroendocrine cells.
Post Translational Modifications	Phosphorylated at two clusters of Ser and Thr residues located in the intracellular C-terminus, a prerequisite for FFAR4 internalization via an ARRB2-dependent pathway.
Function	Isoform 2: G-protein-coupled receptor for long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) with a major role in adipogenesis, energy metabolism and inflammation. Signals via G-protein and beta-arrestin pathways. LCFAs sensing initiates activation of phosphoinositidase C-linked G proteins GNAQ and GNA11 (G(q)/G(11)), inducing a variety of cellular responses via second messenger pathways such as intracellular calcium mobilization, modulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production, and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). After LCFAs binding, associates with beta-arrestin ARRB2 that acts as an adapter protein coupling the receptor to specific downstream signaling pathways, as well as mediating receptor endocytosis. In response to dietary fats, plays an important role in the regulation of adipocyte proliferation and differentiation. Acts as a receptor for omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) at primary cilium of perivascular preadipocytes, initiating an adipogenic program via cAMP and CTCF-dependent chromatin remodeling that ultimately results in transcriptional activation of adipogenic genes and cell cycle entry. Induces differentiation of brown adipocytes probably via autocrine and endocrine functions of FGF21 hormone. Activates brown adipocytes by initiating intracellular calcium signaling that leads to mitochondrial depolarization and fission, and overall increased mitochondrial respiration. Consequently stimulates fatty acid uptake and oxidation in mitochondria together with UCP1-mediated thermogenic respiration, eventually reducing fat mass. Regulates bi-potential differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells toward osteoblasts or adipocytes likely by up-regulating distinct integrins. In response to dietary fats regulates hormone secretion and appetite. Stimulates GIP and GLP1 secretion from enteroendocrine cells as well as GCG secretion in pancreatic alpha cells, thereby playing a role in the regulation of blood glucose levels. Negatively regulates glucose-induced SST secretion in pancreatic delta cells. Mediates LCFAs inhibition of GHRL secretion, an appetite-controlling hormone. In taste buds, contributes to sensing of dietary fatty acids by the gustatory system. During the inflammatory response, promotes anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage differentiation in adipose tissue. Mediates the anti-inflammatory effects of omega-3 PUFAs via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In this pathway, interacts with adapter protein ARRB2 and inhibits the priming step triggered by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) at the level of TAK1 and TAB1. Further inhibits the activation step when ARRB2 directly associates with NLRP3, leading to inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Mediates LCFAs anti-apoptotic effects. Isoform 1: Receptor for LCFAs decoupled from G-protein signaling. May signal through beta-arrestin pathway. After LCFAs binding, associates with beta-arrestin ARRB2 that may act as an adapter protein coupling the receptor to specific downstream signaling pathways, as well as mediating receptor endocytosis.
Peptide Name	Free Fatty Acid Receptor 4 G-Protein Coupled Receptor 120 G-Protein Coupled Receptor 129 G-Protein Coupled Receptor Gt01 G-Protein Coupled Receptor Pgr4 Omega-3 Fatty Acid Receptor 1
Database Links	Reactome: R-HSA-381771 Reactome: R-HSA-416476 Reactome: R-HSA-444209
Cellular Localisation	Isoform 1: Cell Membrane Multi-Pass Membrane Protein Endosome Membrane Lysosome Membrane Sorted To Late Endosome/Lysosome Compartments Upon Internalization Isoform 2: Cell Membrane Cell Projection Cilium Membrane Specifically Localizes To The Primary Cilium Of Undifferentiated Adipocytes Ciliary Trafficking Is Tulp3-Dependent As The Cilium Is Lost During Adipogenesis Moves To The Plasma Membrane (Probable)
Alternative Peptide Names	Free Fatty Acid Receptor 4 protein G-Protein Coupled Receptor 120 protein G-Protein Coupled Receptor 129 protein G-Protein Coupled Receptor Gt01 protein G-Protein Coupled Receptor Pgr4 protein Omega-3 Fatty Acid Receptor 1 protein FFAR4 protein GPR120 protein GPR129 protein O3FAR1 protein PGR4 protein

Information sourced from Uniprot.org

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